You’re Never Safe from Being Surprised: A History of Krimi Films via Terror in the Fog from Eureka

These old German crime thrillers will enthrall you.

Still from "The Monster of London City"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Gloria Film

What is a krimi?

If you’re a fan of horror movies or thriller films, then you’re almost certainly already familiar with giallo, the Italian subgenre of lurid psychosexual thrillers named for the distinctive yellow covers of the books put out by Mondadori, starting in 1929.

In its native Italy, giallo is a catch-all term to describe a wide range of mystery and thriller stories, from Agatha Christie to Silence of the Lambs.

In anglophone countries, however, giallo has a more specific meaning, describing a particular subgenre of Italian films that, according to most scholars, kicked off in 1963 with Mario Bava’s The Girl Who Knew Too Much.

The giallo is widely regarded as the older sibling of the American slasher film, but Italy’s homegrown giallo pictures didn’t spring fully formed from nothing.

Among the obvious precursors to the giallo are the German krimi films, most of them adapted from the works of British novelist Edgar Wallace, and sometimes his son Bryan Edgar Wallace.

“Even though there are countless film adaptations of Edgar Wallace novels worldwide,” writes Sholem Stein in The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia, “these crime films produced between 1959 and 1972 are the best-known—to the extent that they form their own subgenre known as krimis.”

Like the giallo, the word “krimi” means a couple of different things, depending on whether you’re in Germany or not. As with the giallo in Italy, the word “krimi” in Germany describes just about any crime or murder mystery thriller.

Leave the borders of Deutschland, however, and the term describes a specific set of stylistically and narratively similar crime films made in West Germany between roughly 1959 and 1972.

The majority of these films are adapted from the works of Edgar Wallace. Though comparatively little-known today, Wallace was a powerhouse in the literary world during his lifetime.

When he died of undiagnosed diabetes at the age of only 56, he had already published more than 170 novels, not to mention 18 stage plays, 957 short stories, journalism, screenplays, and more. Indeed, when Wallace passed on in 1932, he was working on the initial draft of King Kong.

There have been more than 160 films made adapting Edgar Wallace’s work, and that’s not even counting the many movies adapted from the works of his son and fellow mystery author Bryan Edgar Wallace.

Not all of those films are krimis, however. England had its own cottage industry of Edgar Wallace adaptations, dating back as far as 1916.

With so many krimi films and other Edgar Wallace adaptations out there, it can be hard to know where to begin exploring this unique piece of crime and cinematic history.

Fortunately, Eureka has recently put together Terror in the Fog, a wide-ranging and interesting collection of these films, all sourced from the vaults of CCC Filmkunst, that provides a wonderfully weird and stylistically bold crash course in krimi, including introductions by film historian Tim Lucas.

The Curse of the Yellow Snake (1963)

Still from "Curse of the Yellow Snake"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Constantin Film

While the films contained in Eureka’s Terror in the Fog collection are great introductions to the krimi film, they aren’t necessarily always representative ones. 

The Curse of the Yellow Snake is actually the only movie in the set to be based on a story by Edgar Wallace, rather than his son.

Unfortunately for modern viewers, The Curse of the Yellow Snake is also an example of the “yellow peril” genre that was regrettably popular during the early part of the 20th century.

As such, it is inescapably and unavoidably racist, filled with hateful stereotypes of lustful, duplicitous Asian villains bent on world domination.

The Curse of the Yellow Snake is no exception, though it employs several good sequences of peril and action and sets up a pretty good idea of several of the stylistic elements that will recur throughout the films in this set—if you can cut through all the racism to get to them.

The Strangler of Blackmoor Castle (1963)

Still from "The Strangler of Blackmoor Castle"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Gloria Film

Though adapted from the works of Bryan Edgar Wallace, rather than his father, The Strangler of Blackmoor Castle is a much better example of what fans associate with the krimi than The Curse of the Yellow Snake.

A hooded killer is knocking off various people in what we are supposed to believe is an English castle—often in rather absurd ways, despite the strangling implied by the title.

There are decapitations and even machine gun fire, before all is said and done, along with a cast of deeply eccentric characters, all of whom could be the “who” in the question of “whodunit?”

The Mad Executioners (1963)

Still from "The Mad Executioners"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: CCC film

Of all the film’s in Eureka’s Terror in the Fog set, The Mad Executioners might be the one that is the best to show someone and tell them, “This is what a krimi is like.”

There is a tribunal of hooded super-criminals carrying out impossible secret trials and executions in catacombs, transporting their victims in coffins and an old-timey hearse.

There’s a mad scientist serial killer with a bizarre modern art collection. There are plenty of examples of Germany standing in for England. There’s a full song and dance number.

Honestly, what more could anyone ask for? To see both how stylish and how bizarre a krimi can be, you should really look no further.

The Phantom of Soho (1964)

Still from "The Phantom of Soho"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Gloria Film

If The Mad Executioners is krimi at its most brazen, then The Phantom of Soho may be the subgenre at its most stylish.

Frequent krimi director Franz Josef Gottlieb, who also helmed Curse of the Yellow Snake, brings in a wide array of trick photography, seedy locales meant to represent Soho, a masked killer with gold lame gloves, and even a theme song to this tale of a series of murders targeting the habitués of a London nightclub.

The eponymous Phantom boasts a very striking visage that, unfortunately, goes un-shown until near the end of the film, prefiguring the various slasher movies that would eventually grow out of the krimi and giallo subgenres.

The Monster of London City (1964)

Still from "The Monster of London City"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Gloria Film

Jack the Ripper is once more terrorizing London, even as a play about his exploits is making waves—and newspaper headlines.

Is the actor playing Jack on stage also re-enacting his crimes in the streets?

While there are many obvious early indications of the nascent slasher film throughout the krimi movies in this set, the line running directly from the krimi to the giallo to the slasher has never been more prominent than it is here. 

From the stalking and slaying sequences, to some dynamite stage play involving everything from the actual sets of the Jack the Ripper play to the mechanical workings beneath the stage—the early outline of the slasher trope is clearly traced.

The Racetrack Murders (1964)

Still from "The Racetrack Murders"
camera-iconPhoto Credit: Nora-Film

The final film in Eureka’s Terror in the Fog set moves away from the more urban and slasher-esque elements of the last couple and returns us to form with a story adapted from the Bryan Edgar Wallace novel Murder is Enough.

The MacGuffin this time around is a racehorse by the name of Satan, who is the favorite to win at the big derby. Of course, some people would like to see to it that the horse doesn’t make the finish line, and they’re willing to kill to make that happen.

It’s a suitably convoluted whodunit filled with familiar faces from other krimis and the kinds of colorful characters that make movies and stories like this so appealing.

Watch a trailer from Eureka below!

Featured still from “The Monster of London City” via Gloria Film; Additional photos: Constantin Film, Gloria Film, CCC Film, Nora-Film